Regulatory and legal support of state regulation of the space industry of Ukraine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34132/pard2020.08.06Keywords:
state regulation, space industry, regulatory support of the industryAbstract
The article examines the legislative basis of state regulation of the space industry of Ukraine by analyzing the regulations governing this area. In the course of the research the key features of the regulatory framework of the space industry of Ukraine are characterized, the essence of the concept of state regulation of space activity is considered. Based on the analysis, a number of shortcomings in the regulatory and legal support of state regulation of the space industry of Ukraine are identified and directions for their elimination are proposed.
In today's world, the socio-economic and military-political success and competitiveness of the state largely depends on the availability and level of development of high-tech industries that can provide a basis for technological leadership and long-term strategic advantages in a global world. One such industry is the space industry, which concentrates advanced scientific and technical developments and is a driver of growth for the high-tech sector of the economy. Therefore, legislative support for a balanced state policy and effective state regulation of the space industry is one of the important issues to ensure the sustainable development of the industry.
Space activities in Ukraine are carried out in accordance with the main framework law governing the field of space activities - the Law of Ukraine "On Space Activities", the Law of Ukraine "On State Support of Space Activities", as well as decrees of the President of Ukraine, resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers, international treaties and a number of other regulations.
The Law of Ukraine "On Space Activities" defines the basic concepts and terms of the space industry. Thus, according to the law, space activities - space research, use of outer space, development, production, repair and maintenance, testing, operation, management of space activities (including their units and components), launch and return of spacecraft, their components from outer space to earth.
The State Space Agency of Ukraine is the central executive body tasked with implementing state policy in the field of space activities in Ukraine.
According to Article 7 of the Law of Ukraine "On Space Activities", space activities in Ukraine are carried out on the basis of the National Targeted Scientific and Technical Space Program of Ukraine, which is developed for five years and approved by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Unfortunately, over the years of implementation of national targeted scientific and technical space programs of Ukraine, their characteristic feature was chronic underfunding, which led to the failure of many space programs and international cooperation projects.
To date, state policy in the field of space activities is implemented in accordance with the Concept of implementation of state policy in the field of space activities for the period up to 2032.
The strategy of space activity of Ukraine until 2022 identifies the problems that need to be solved, the goal, ways of implementation and contains a set of priority measures aimed at ensuring the development of the space industry.
The space industry of Ukraine, of course, is part of the global global aerospace sphere, as the specifics of the development of the industry involves extensive scientific, technical and industrial cooperation, development of international programs and projects. Ukraine's international space cooperation is regulated by a number of regulations
In general, given the number of normative legal acts regulating relations in the space industry of Ukraine, a positive measure could be the codification of national space law, which will ensure the system and consistency of sectoral legislation.
State regulation of space activities in Ukraine requires a balanced strategic state policy and effective regulatory support for the industry. The priority that the industry needs is the adoption of an appropriate nationwide targeted scientific and technical space program. This will ensure an adequate level of funding for the industry and lay the foundations for further development. In the medium term, it is necessary to adopt a space code that systematizes sectoral legislation and facilitates the development of an effective space ecosystem in Ukraine.
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