LAND DECENTRALIZATION IN UKRAINE: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Abstract

The article considers decentralization in Ukraine, namely land decentralization on the transfer of powers of executive authorities to own, use and dispose of state-owned agricultural land at the local level. This process provides opportunities for local communities to attract more investment and enable financial self-sufficiency of the local community. In addition, it will increase the role of local communities in the management of land resources located within the united territorial communities and will result in local governments, the private sector being responsible for their own socio-economic development and ensuring a high quality of life of the local community and land protection. The main attention is paid to theoretical approaches to determining the powers of territorial communities, their economic differences from urban communities. Scientific and practical recommendations on normative-legal, organizational support of the process of decentralization of state bodies of land resources management with transfer of the main means of production in rural areas - agricultural lands of state ownership - to communal ownership of territorial communities and their associations are offered. The opinion of some scholars that the concept of "empowerment" is analyzed, because it means both the delegation and transfer of power and the impact on current changes in public administration. The experience of the European Union countries on the effectiveness of the decentralization reform is considered. Local governments are finally empowered by the state to control the use and protection of land within the community. Emphasis is placed on the problems that may be faced by local communities in the process of disposing of communal lands.

         In our opinion, the problems faced by territorial communities at the beginning of their existence are gradually being resolved and we believe that the legal framework is gradually changing in the direction of protecting the rights and legitimate interests of communities. The state is trying to create competitive units that can not only exist but also develop independently, strengthening their position as owners of the most valuable resource. At this stage, communities are only learning to use the opportunities provided. The first attempts are indecisive and obtained through trial and error. But positive development is already clearly visible. The community understands that its economic stability depends primarily on the rational use of all available resources. The legal framework is still not fully regulated, the issues of changing inefficient land users remain open. But you need to work with companies that are actually on the territory, but registered in the field. Currently, issues are being raised regarding the payment of taxes at the place of direct business. These are only the first steps, but they are already significant and aimed at exercising the power of communities to create an economically strong and developed community that can not only meet the needs of its population, but also prepare the foundation for posterity.