International experience of public management of educational institutions at the local level in crisis conditions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34132/pard2022.17.11Keywords:
public administration, management of educational institutions, crisis management, local self-government, international experience, education, educational technologies, safe education policyAbstract
The article discloses topical issues of public management of educational institutions at the local level based on the study and generalization of positive international experience. The need to ensure organizational and psychological-pedagogical conditions for effective public administration in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic and martial law in Ukraine was emphasized by: application of modern technologies of distance, mixed and family education; consideration of managerial, material and technical, personnel conditions for their provision; development of the components of the pedagogical system, which includes content, organizational forms, methods and means of education; improvement of relations between subjects of the educational process.
Practical cases of the countries of Europe, Asia and the USA in the reaction of local authorities and education systems to unforeseen crisis situations are given, ways of their regulation and possibilities of application in Ukraine.
Attention is focused on the reform of decentralization of power due to the transfer of most powers and responsibilities to the local level of community management, in particular in the field of education, which leads to the need to monitor crisis trends and guarantee the readiness of educational institutions to solve problems that arise as a result of traditional and natural crises.
An example of modeling the management system of a secondary education institution based on mixed learning, which includes mechanisms for overcoming socio-political crises, natural disasters and wars, is presented; denotes the reality that crises are not limited by social or geographical boundaries; reveals the role and function of the tutor as one of the main subjects of the educational process, which provides support for the individual learning process.
The form and philosophy of home schooling, which can serve as an effective way of regulating the relationship between the quality of education and resources today, especially during the pandemic and martial law, is considered. Empirical studies in the USA and Europe that prove the effectiveness and economic feasibility of this form of education are analyzed.
It is noted that heads of educational institutions in territorial communities should anticipate crisis trends; be ready to function in the conditions of global crises that arise everywhere and elsewhere (for example, economic crises, military actions, etc.); understand that the size and location of the educational institution do not protect against crises; recognize that crisis management is not a passing fad, but one of today's most important tasks to ensure responsible education management.
Focused attention on the fact that the reality of the war and the pandemic have proven that educational institutions, including general secondary schools, are not safe and that is why there is a need to review the plans for the settlement of crisis situations, communications with internal and external stakeholders, strategies for ensuring effective leadership in the culture of the school community.
The article emphasizes the fact that incidents in today's society clearly determine the need for crisis planning. Incidents of violence attract the attention of the mass media, and in temporarily occupied enemy territories they make up a large percentage of the crises faced by school districts. However, there are other issues related to finances, accountability measures, curriculum changes, school climate, or staffing issues that can also become a crisis if the situation escalates and interferes with the primary goal of student learning.
Local self-government bodies are suggested to use in crisis conditions such new models of public management of educational institutions, which are becoming more and more popular in the world every year, such as distance, mixed and home education, which are more economical and safe.
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