Social dialogue as a tool for solving the problems of youth employment in Ukraine during the conditions of war
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34132/pard2023.20.05Keywords:
youth, labor market, youth employment, unemployment, social dialogue, social partners, warAbstract
The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the use of social dialogue as a tool for solving the problems of youth employment in Ukraine in the conditions of war. The youth labor market was considered, the segment of youth employment in Ukraine was characterized, and the main indicators characterizing the state of youth employment were analyzed. The active economic behavior of young people affects almost all aspects of the country's economy, and is one of the most important sources of its development.
The article outlines the main problems of youth employment in Ukraine: low level of economic activity, unemployment, informal employment, structural imbalance between demand and supply on the labor market. Solving the problems of youth employment requires the formation of a mechanism for effective interaction and cooperation of youth (trade unions), employers, educational space and the state, which consists in coordinating efforts and joint measures aimed at improving the situation on the labor market and providing young people with affordable jobs. One of these mechanisms is social dialogue, which is able to act as a fairly effective tool for solving the problems of youth employment in Ukraine in the conditions of war and post-war reconstruction. The need to establish cooperation and interaction between employers and educational institutions with the aim of achieving a balance between demand and supply in the labor market, matching the level of education with modern requirements of the labor market was emphasized.
The state should pursue an active policy to create favorable conditions for increasing the level of youth employment. The implementation of transparent and effective mechanisms to encourage employers to employ young people and provide them with decent working conditions, providing them with sufficient income and a high level of social protection, overcoming stereotyped perceptions of employers regarding the low professionalism of young people, motivating young people to work should become a priority of state policy in the near future perspective.
Efforts of the authorities should also be directed to the development of appropriate post-war employment strategies, which should take into account the employment of young people who will return from abroad, as well as demobilized military personnel.
References
Convention 138 Minimum Age Convention, (1973). Convention of the 58 Session of the International Labour Conference., 138. Geneva: Publications International Labour Office. Retrieved from https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ilo_code:C138 [in English].
Halustian, Yu.M. (Ed.). (2012). Analitychnyi zvit za rezultatamy doslidzhennia umov dlia rozvytku ekonomichnykh mozhlyvostei zhinok v Ukraini yak faktora, shcho spryiaie gendernii rivnosti (za initsiatyvoiu Ministerstva sotsialnoi polityky Ukrainy ta za pidtrymky Koordynatora proektiv OBSIe v Ukraini). [Analytical report on the results of research of conditions for the development of women's economic opportunities in Ukraine as a factor contributing to gender equality (initiated by the Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine and supported by the OSCE Project Coordinator in Ukraine)]. Kyiv: Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. Retrieved from https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/3/3/100200.pdf [in Ukrainian].
Hromadska, N. (2020). The role of social dialogue in solving youth employment problem in Ukraine. Youth involvement in civil society development: current state and prospective trends. Magdalena Wierzbik- Strońska (Ed.). Katowice: Publishing House of Katowice School of Technology. Retrieved from https://eugov.chmnu.edu.ua/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Youth-Involment-in-Civil-Society-Development-Current-State-and-Prospective-Trends.pdf [in Poland].
Hrynkevych, S.S. (2006). Stan molodizhnoi zainiatosti v Ukraini. [The State of Ukrainian youth’s employment]. Naykovy visnyk NLTY Ukraini – The Scientific Bulletin NFU of Ukraine, 16(3), 239-241. Retrieved from https://nv.nltu.edu.ua/Archive/2006/16_3/239_Grynkiewycz_16_3.pdf [in Ukrainian].
Nadannia posluh okremym katehoriiam hromadian sichen-berezen 2023 roku. Statystychna informatsiia (2023). [Provision of services to certain categories of citizens in January-March 2023. Statistical information]. www.dcz.gov.ua Retrieved from https://www.dcz.gov.ua/analitics/68 [in Ukrainian]
Ukaz Prezydenta Ukrainy vid 12 bereznia 2021 roku № 94/2021 «Pro Natsionalnu molodizhnu stratehiiu do 2030 roku». [Decree of the President of Ukraine dated March 12, 2021, № 94/2021. «The National Youth Strategy until 2030»]. zakon.rada.gov.ua Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/94/2021#Text [in Ukrainian].
Zakon Ukrainy Pro osnovni zasady molodizhnoi polityky vid 27 kvitnia 2021 roku № 1414-IX [Law of Ukraine On the Basic Principles of Youth Policy of April 27, 2021 №. 1414-IX]. zakon.rada.gov.ua Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1414-20#Text [in Ukrainian].
Zakon Ukrainy Pro sotsialnyi dialoh v Ukraini vid 23 hrudnia 2010 roku № 2862-VI [Law of Ukraine On Social Dialogue in Ukraine of December 23, 2010 № 2862-VI]. zakon.rada.gov.ua Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2862-17#Text [in Ukrainian].
Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy Pro zatverdzhennia Derzhavnoi tsilovoi sotsialnoi prohramy «Molod Ukrainy» na 2021-2025 roky ta vnesennia zmin do deiakykh aktiv Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 2 chervnia 2021, №579 [Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine On the approval of the State targeted social program «Youth of Ukraine» for 2021-2025 and amendments to some acts of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated June 2, 2021 №579]. zakon.rada.gov.ua Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/579-2021-п#n95 [in Ukrainian].
Problemy molodizhnoi zainiatosti v Ukraini ta shliakhy yikh podolannia [Problems of youth employment in Ukraine and ways to overcome them]. (2019). Kyiv: Natsionalnyi instytut stratehichnykh doslidzhen. Retrieved from https://niss.gov.ua/doslidzhennya/socialna-politika/problemi-molodizhnoi-zaynyatosti-v-ukraini-ta-shlyakhi-ikh [in Ukrainian].
Rezultaty monitorynhu vykonannia Uhody pro asotsiatsiiu mizh Ukrainoiu ta Yevropeiskym Soiuzom u molodizhnii sferi, sferi fizychnoi kultury i sportu u I pivrichchi 2022 roku. Dodatok do lysta Minmolodsportu «Pro vykonannia Uhody pro asotsiatsiiu mizh Ukrainoiu ta YeS» [Results of monitoring the implementation of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union in the field of youth, physical culture and sports in the first half of 2022. Annex to the letter of the Ministry of Youth and Sports «On the implementation of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU»]. (2022). mms.gov.ua Retrieved from https://mms.gov.ua/storage/app/sites/16/Mizhnarodna_dijalnist/Vukonanja%20ygodu%20z%20ES/2022/Звіт-ЄС-1-півріччя-2022_ММС.pdf [in Ukrainian].
Rezultaty monitorynhu vykonannia Uhody pro asotsiatsiiu mizh Ukrainoiu ta Yevropeiskym Soiuzom u molodizhnii sferi, sferi fizychnoi kultury i sportu u IV kvartali 2022 roku. Dodatok do lysta Minmolodsportu «Pro vykonannia Uhody pro asotsiatsiiu mizh Ukrainoiu ta YeS» [Results of monitoring the implementation of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union in the field of youth, physical culture and sports in the IV quarter of 2022. Annex to the letter of the Ministry of Youth and Sports «On the implementation of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU»]. (2023). mms.gov.ua Retrieved from https://mms.gov.ua/storage/app/sites/16/Mizhnarodna_dijalnist/Vukonanja%20ygodu%20z%20ES/2022/Звіт%20Угода%20ЄС%20IV%20квартал%20.pdf [in Ukrainian].
Robocha syla Ukrainy 2021: Statystychnyj zbirnyk [Workforce of Ukraine 2021: Statistical collection]. (2022). Kyiv: Derzhavna sluzhba statystyky Ukrainy. Retrieved from https://ukrstat.gov.ua/druk/publicat/kat_u/2022/zb/07/zb_RS_2021.pdf [in Ukrainian].
SpivDiia Pratsevlashtuvannia: dopomoha tym, khto vtratyv robotu [Employment Cooperation: assistance to those who have lost their jobs]. (2022). mms.gov.ua Retrieved from https://mms.gov.ua/news/spivdiia-pratsevlashtuvannia-dopomoha-tym-khto-vtratyv-robotu [in Ukrainian].
Sytuatsiia na rynku pratsi ta diialnist Derzhavnoi sluzhby zainiatosti u sichni-berezni 2023 roku. Infohrafika ta publikatsii [The situation on the labor market and the activities of the State Employment Service in January-March 2023. Infographics and publications]. (2023). www.dcz.gov.ua Retrieved from https://www.dcz.gov.ua/analitics/67 [in Ukrainian].
The youth employment crisis: A call for action (2012). Resolution and conclusions of the 101st Session of the International Labour Conference. Geneva: Publications International Labour Office. Retrieved from https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/---relconf/documents/meetingdocument/wcms_185950.pdf [in English].
Ukrainskyi Pakt zarady molodi – 2025 [The Ukrainian Pact for Youth - 2025]. (2020). careerhub.in.ua Retrieved from https://careerhub.in.ua/pact-for-youth-2025 [in Ukrainian].
.png)
.png)
