ANALYSIS OF THE EMERGENCE OF LEADERSHIP AS A SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL PHENOMENON
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34132/pard2025.27.09Keywords:
leadership, leadership theories, management, team, organization, institution, leadership phenomenon, managerAbstract
The article is devoted to the analysis of the views of foreign scientists on the issue of management effectiveness and the requirements for leadership as a certain social phenomenon.
The article focuses on the differences between a leader and a manager. It is stated that the success of any organization directly depends on who manages it, since the manager is the first person of the institution and is a person who directs the work of others and bears personal responsibility for its results.
It is noted that the main condition should be the presence of followers in the leader. Leadership acts as a sphere of interaction. If followers are important for leaders, then leadership cannot be reduced only to the personal traits of the leader, but rather is the result of the relationship between the leader and his supporters.
The nature of leadership has been analyzed through a number of different theories (concepts), for example, the theory of spiritual leadership suggests that leaders should prefer ethics based on virtues to ethics based on established rules (normative ethics). The theory of «leadership traits» (or the theory of «outstanding person») is based on the idea that leaders possess a certain set of innate qualities and abilities that are inherent only to them and do not depend on situational factors or group characteristics, and the theory of spiritual leadership in modern organizations is becoming increasingly relevant and aims to find ways to satisfy and increase employee motivation, as well as improve the general atmosphere in the team.
It is stated that leadership can be described as a phenomenon generated by a system of informal relationships between people. In any group, the influence of the leader's personal authority on relationships with others naturally arises on the basis of interaction.
Thus, leadership appears as a combination of natural and genetic predispositions, a favorable social environment and one's own functional professionalism. Having analyzed modern approaches to leadership and the skills that a leader should possess, we can conclude that a true leader is a team player, because the ability to collective interaction is one of the main leadership components.
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