DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM IN THE CONTEXT OF COMPETENCY APPROACH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34132/pard2022.16.15Keywords:
competency approach, competency, development, personnel reserve, public administrationAbstract
One of the main tasks in the field of public administration is the problem of professional training. The current modernization of civil service in Ukraine should be based on such principles as publicity, professionalism, political impartiality and citizen orientation.
The dominant development trends should be distinguished from the traditional system of public administration to public governance with its inherent service to citizens, society and their involvement. In this aspect, the competency approach is a topical issue in the study of public administration.
The purpose of the article was to substantiate the directions of development of the public administration system in the context of the competency approach.
Today, the competency approach is gaining popularity in the theory and practice of personnel management. While for commercial companies the competency and competency approach are well known, it is a new approach for state organizations and public institutions. Today, the need to study and apply technologies of the competency approach in public administration is determined.
As a result of research the following tasks are reached.
The essence of the competency approach in public administration is determined. The competency approach is based on the desire to form a specialist who can quickly adapt to working conditions that change even within the profession. Competency approach is an integrated management technology that produces the transfer of human resources needed to achieve organizational strategies. The transition to a competency-based approach allows any organization, including public ones, to move to a better level of human resource management.
The legislative base of Ukraine and other countries on the development of the system of public administration and the competency approach in it is analyzed. The issue of conditions, selection and competencies in admission to civil service positions is reflected in the Law of Ukraine «About Civil Service».
Considering the experience of foreign countries, it should be noted that the civil service in Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, France and Germany has a well-established system, with legislative consolidation, with successfully implemented legislation on civil service. When considering the highest level of civil servants, it can be seen that their occupation of these positions in form almost coincides with the requirements that already exist in Ukraine in the form of managers (evaluation, competition, ranks). However, there are differences. In particular, they should include the creation of a personnel reserve on the competency approach, the introduction of research in this area.
Research has shown that one of the key factors in the development of the public administration system is working with staff within the competency approach.
It is determined that the appropriate step is to develop a document with clear objectives and assessments so that the public (civil) official can be sure that if he fulfills certain requirements and tasks, he can be completely sure that he has already been promoted. The introduction of an electronic system that will provide recommendations to a senior manager on moving up the career ladder of a public (civil) employee in a completely automatic mode can be quite effective.
The society emphasizes that the state needs a new generation of managers to improve the skills of existing managers and specialists of public authorities and local governments.
Today public service needs professionals, energetic people and effective managers who can make society better, have a strategic and far-sighted view of public affairs. Given that public administration is a highly intelligent activity, managers need constant strong educational and professional support. Therefore, attention should be paid to the formation of a new elite of the younger generation, which through the development of a competency approach from an early stage (school and university), will form a personnel reserve of the public administration system.
Thus, we have proposed a competency unifier for the formation of the youth elite as the basis of the personnel reserve in public administration, which reflects the basic competencies that a modern public manager should have. The proposals presented in the article are the basis for further more detailed research of managerial competencies and trends in the development of the public administration system.
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