General principles for ensuring the openness and transparency of public authorities in Ukraine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34132/pard2021.11.12Keywords:
public authorities, openness, transparency, publicity, accountability, communicationsAbstract
The article is devoted to the study of the general principles of ensuring openness and transparency of public authorities and establishing the peculiarities of the implementation of these principles in Ukraine at the present stage. It is noted that the advantages of the decentralized model of public administration include a real form of local democracy in accordance with democratic principles of governance, taking into account the interests and needs of the local community, effective and rapid solution of local problems, disposal of own resources, financial independence. Analyzing the current stage of the process of building a management system at the local level, it can be noted that it takes place with the active involvement of the local community, taking into account their suggestions and discussions, which is mandatory for recognizing the legality of the process and making a final decision. It is determined that the main features of developed local self-government are ensuring transparency and openness; widespread use of direct democracy; accessibility for citizens' appeals and feedback; minimized level or no corruption.
The main directions of realization of the principles of transparency and openness of activity of public authorities are determined: objective and comprehensive consideration of appeals; consulting with civil society representatives; conducting communication activities; systematic activities in public relations. It is noted that the level of transparency and openness may change over time. Transparency of public authority can be interpreted in several ways: as a means of accountability of power, as a regulatory measure, as a means of improving efficiency. Regarding the characterization of transparency as a means of accountability of the government, this principle manifests itself in the reporting of public bodies, officials, involvement in public decision-making. It is noted that the public authorities have the task to ensure the principles of transparency and openness in the activities of their bodies.
References
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18. Minaieva, I.M. (2018). Vidkrytist' i prozorist' diial'nosti orhaniv publichnoi vlady [Openness and transparency of public authorities]. Teoriia i praktyka derzhavnoho upravlinnia – Theory and practice of public administration, 4, (pp. 320-326) [in Ukrainian].
19. Nesterovych, V.F. (2016) Pryntsypy vidkrytosti ta prozorosti v diial'nosti orhaniv derzhavnoi vlady iak peredumova utverdzhennia demokratii uchasti [Principles of openness and transparency in the activities of public authorities as a prerequisite for the establishment of participatory democracy]. Filosofsko-metodolohichni problemy prava – Philosophical and methodological problems of law, 2, (pp. 67-77) [in Ukrainian].
20. Nironka, Yu. (2019). Sutnist' hromads'koho kontroliu za diial'nistiu orhaniv publichnoi vlady [The essence of public control over the activities of public authorities]. Zakon pro potochni spravy – Current Affairs Law, 2, (pp. 67-77) [in Ukrainian].
21. Parubchak, I. O. (2017). Rol' zasobiv masovoi informatsii u vzaiemodii orhaniv publichnoi vlady iz suspil'stvom na zasadakh vidkrytosti ta prozorosti [The role of the media in the interaction of public authorities with society on the basis of openness and transparency]. Visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu tsyvilnoho zakhystu Ukrainy – Bulletin of the National University of Civil Defense of Ukraine, 2, (pp. 239-249) [in Ukrainian].
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24. Semenchenko, F.H. (2010) Orhany mistsevoho samovriaduvannia v systemi publichnoi vlady [Local governments in the system of public authority]. Naukovi pratsi. Seriia: Politolohiia – Scientific works. Series: Political Science, 149 (137), (pp. 95-99) [in Ukrainian].
25. Tymofieiev, S.P. (2019). Rol' prozorosti i vidkrytosti orhaniv vlady u rozbudovi hromadians'koho suspil'stva [The role of transparency and openness of government in building civil society]. Derzhavne upravlinnia ta rehionalnyi rozvytok – Public administration and regional development, 3, (pp. 142-161) [in Ukrainian].
26. Tkach, I.V. (2016). Pryntsypy prozorosti ta vidkrytosti iak nevid'iemna skladova publichnoho upravlinnia: teoretychnyj aspekt [Principles of transparency and openness as an integral part of public administration: a theoretical aspect]. Mizhnarodnyi naukovyi zhurnal «Internauka» – International scientific journal «Internauka», 12 (1), (pp. 25-32) [in Ukrainian].
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28. Shoturma, N.V. (2015). Zabezpechennia dostupu do publichnoi informatsii v mistsevykh orhanakh vykonavchoi vlady [Ensuring access to public information in local executive bodies]. Hileia – Gilea, 94, (pp. 418-422) [in Ukrainian].
2. Bukhanevych, A.I. (2010). Zabezpechennia pryntsypiv vidkrytosti ta prozorosti pry nalahodzhennia dialohu mizh vladoiu ta hromads'kistiu [Ensuring the principles of openness and transparency in establishing a dialogue between the government and the public]. Derzhavne upravlinnia: vdoskonalennia ta rozvytok – Public administration: improvement and development, 3, (pp. 77-82) [in Ukrainian].
3. Vlaschenko, S.S. (2017). Perspektyvy udoskonalennia realizatsii mistsevymy orhanamy vlady prava osoby na dostup do publichnoi informatsii [Prospects for improving the implementation of local authorities' right to access public information]. Nash zakon – Our law, 1, (pp. 92-98) [in Ukrainian].
4. Voronov, M.M. (2015). Pryntsypy hlasnosti, vidkrytosti ta prozorosti na munitsypal'nomu rivni: teoretychnyj aspekt ta vtilennia v zakonodavstvi Ukrainy [Principles of publicity, openness and transparency at the municipal level: theoretical aspect and implementation in the legislation of Ukraine]. Visnyk Kharkivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni V. N. Karazina. Seriia: Pravo – Bulletin of VN Karazin Kharkiv National University. Series: Law, 19, (pp. 46-50) [in Ukrainian].
5. Hravtsov, M.O. (2018). Dostup do publichnoi informatsii iak relevantnyj faktor zabezpechennia konstytutsijnykh prav hromadian na informatsiiu v Ukraini [Access to public information as a relevant factor in ensuring the constitutional rights of citizens to information in Ukraine]. Visnyk Natsionalnoi akademii Derzhavnoi prykordonnoi sluzhby Ukrainy. Seriia: Derzhavne upravlinnia – Bulletin of the National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine. Series: Public Administration, 4, (pp.75-75) [in Ukrainian].
6. Hrybko, O.V. (2017). Hromads'kyj kontrol' iak bazovyj instrument zabezpechennia prozorosti ta vidkrytosti systemy publichnoho upravlinnia [Public control as a basic tool for ensuring transparency and openness of the public administration system]. Derzhavne budivnytstvo – State building, 2, (pp. 13-15) [in Ukrainian].
7. Detsentralizatsiia vlady: poriadok dennyj na seredn'ostrokovu perspek tyvu [Decentralization of power: an agenda for the medium term]. Kyiv: NIDS [in Ukrainian].
8. Dmytrenko, E.S. (2019). Osoblyvosti opryliudnennia sub'iektamy hospodariuvannia informatsii pro vykorystannia publichnykh koshtiv [Peculiarities of publishing information on the use of public funds by business entities]. Ekonomika ta pravo – Economics and law, 1, (pp. 32-37) [in Ukrainian].
9. Dronov, V.Yu. (2017). Prozorist' ta vidkrytist' iak vykhidni zasady realizatsii osvitn'oi funktsii suchasnoi derzhavy: teoriia ta zakonodavche rehuliuvannia [Transparency and openness as the basic principles of realization of the educational function of the modern state: theory and legislative regulation]. Visnyk Chernivetskoho fakultetu Natsionalnoho universytetu «Odeska yurydychna akademiia» – Bulletin of the Chernivtsi Faculty of the National University «Odessa Law Academy», 2, (pp. 32-44) [in Ukrainian].
10. Yevtushenko, O.N. (2010). Derzhavna vlada i mistseve samovriaduvannia v Ukraini: mozhlyvi modeli vzaiemovidnosyn [State power and local self-government in Ukraine: possible models of relations]. Naukovi pratsi. Seriia: Politolohiia – Scientific works. Series: Political Science, 149 (137), (pp. 83-87).
11. Kovtun, Yu. (2019). Uporiadkuvannia polia funktsij systemy orhaniv publichnoi vlady v umovakh detsentralizatsii [Streamlining the field of functions of the system of public authorities in the context of decentralization]. Aktualni problemy derzhavnoho upravlinnia – Actual problems of public administration, 1, (pp. 54-59) [in Ukrainian].
12. Kodeks Ukrainy pro administratyvni pravoporushennia: No 8073-X vid 07.12.1984 r. [Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses: No 8073-X from 07.12.1984]. zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua [in Ukrainian].
13. Konventsiia pro dostup do informatsii, uchast' hromads'kosti v protsesi pryjniattia rishen' ta dostup do pravosuddia z pytan', scho stosuiut'sia dovkillia [Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-Making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters]. zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua [in Ukrainian].
14. Konstytutsiia Ukrainy vid 28 chervnia 1996 r. [Constitution of Ukraine from June 28, 1996]. zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua [in Ukrainian].
15. Kuspliak, I. (2015). Prozorist' ta vidkrytist' vlady: vid kontseptu “prozoroho mista” do portalu vidkrytykh danykh [Transparency and openness of government: from the concept of a “transparent city” to an open data portal]. Teoretychni ta prykladni pytannia derzhavotvorennia – Theoretical and applied issues of state formation, 16, (pp. 159-171) [in Ukrainian].
16. Lopushyns'kyj, I.P. & Olenkovs'ka, L.P. (2015). Reformuvannia mistsevoho samovriaduvannia iak osnova vprovadzhennia detsentralizatsijnykh modelej upravlinnia [Reforming local self-government as a basis for implementing decentralization management models]. Teoriia i praktyka derzhavnoho upravlinnia ta mistsevoho samovriaduvannia – Theory and practice of public administration and local self-government, 1. Retrieved from http://el-zbirn-du.at.ua [in Ukrainian].
17. Mytsak, B. & Ivakha, V. (2010). Realizatsiia pryntsypiv vidkrytosti i prozorosti orhaniv derzhavnoho upravlinnia v Ukraini [Implementation of the principles of openness and transparency of public administration in Ukraine]. Naukovi zapysky Lvivskoho universytetu biznesu ta prava – Scientific notes of Lviv University of Business and Law, 5, (pp. 280-283) [in Ukrainian].
18. Minaieva, I.M. (2018). Vidkrytist' i prozorist' diial'nosti orhaniv publichnoi vlady [Openness and transparency of public authorities]. Teoriia i praktyka derzhavnoho upravlinnia – Theory and practice of public administration, 4, (pp. 320-326) [in Ukrainian].
19. Nesterovych, V.F. (2016) Pryntsypy vidkrytosti ta prozorosti v diial'nosti orhaniv derzhavnoi vlady iak peredumova utverdzhennia demokratii uchasti [Principles of openness and transparency in the activities of public authorities as a prerequisite for the establishment of participatory democracy]. Filosofsko-metodolohichni problemy prava – Philosophical and methodological problems of law, 2, (pp. 67-77) [in Ukrainian].
20. Nironka, Yu. (2019). Sutnist' hromads'koho kontroliu za diial'nistiu orhaniv publichnoi vlady [The essence of public control over the activities of public authorities]. Zakon pro potochni spravy – Current Affairs Law, 2, (pp. 67-77) [in Ukrainian].
21. Parubchak, I. O. (2017). Rol' zasobiv masovoi informatsii u vzaiemodii orhaniv publichnoi vlady iz suspil'stvom na zasadakh vidkrytosti ta prozorosti [The role of the media in the interaction of public authorities with society on the basis of openness and transparency]. Visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu tsyvilnoho zakhystu Ukrainy – Bulletin of the National University of Civil Defense of Ukraine, 2, (pp. 239-249) [in Ukrainian].
22. Pro dostup do publichnoi informatsii: Zakon Ukrainy No 2939-V vid 13.01.2011r. [On access to public information: Law of Ukraine No 2939-V from 13.01.2011]. zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua [in Ukrainian].
23. Pro informatsiiu: Zakon Ukrainy No 2657-X vid 02.10.1992 r. [About information: Law of Ukraine No 2657-X from 02.10.1992]. zakon.rada.gov.ua. Retrieved from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua [in Ukrainian].
24. Semenchenko, F.H. (2010) Orhany mistsevoho samovriaduvannia v systemi publichnoi vlady [Local governments in the system of public authority]. Naukovi pratsi. Seriia: Politolohiia – Scientific works. Series: Political Science, 149 (137), (pp. 95-99) [in Ukrainian].
25. Tymofieiev, S.P. (2019). Rol' prozorosti i vidkrytosti orhaniv vlady u rozbudovi hromadians'koho suspil'stva [The role of transparency and openness of government in building civil society]. Derzhavne upravlinnia ta rehionalnyi rozvytok – Public administration and regional development, 3, (pp. 142-161) [in Ukrainian].
26. Tkach, I.V. (2016). Pryntsypy prozorosti ta vidkrytosti iak nevid'iemna skladova publichnoho upravlinnia: teoretychnyj aspekt [Principles of transparency and openness as an integral part of public administration: a theoretical aspect]. Mizhnarodnyi naukovyi zhurnal «Internauka» – International scientific journal «Internauka», 12 (1), (pp. 25-32) [in Ukrainian].
27. Transparency International Ukraine. ti-ukraine.org. Retrieved from https://ti-ukraine.org [in Ukrainian].
28. Shoturma, N.V. (2015). Zabezpechennia dostupu do publichnoi informatsii v mistsevykh orhanakh vykonavchoi vlady [Ensuring access to public information in local executive bodies]. Hileia – Gilea, 94, (pp. 418-422) [in Ukrainian].
Published
2021-03-31
How to Cite
Tymofieiev, S. (2021). General principles for ensuring the openness and transparency of public authorities in Ukraine. Public Administration and Regional Development, (11), 251–279. https://doi.org/10.34132/pard2021.11.12
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